Therefore, the subjects achieving N2 stage in both studies (polysomnography with music and polysomnography without music) were included in the study and others were excluded. Many did not achieve REM stage and deep sleep. Most of the subjects achieved N2 stage of sleep, both with music and without music. Subjects were seen to be spending maximum time in non-REM (NREM) sleep. Twenty-five apparently normal healthy male subjects, aged 18 to 40 years were recruited for the study initially after written informed consent but only 15 subjects could complete the study successfully.
The study was conducted in sleep lab in department of physiology of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna after taking ethical clearance from the institutional ethics committee. Music therapy is a conventional treatment and makes up part of an integral whole together with physiotherapy, kinesiotherapy and recuperation. Music show reduced psychopathologic symptoms (anxiety and depression), improves self-rating, influences quality and disorders of sleep, reduces pain and improves patients' openness, readiness and co-operation in treatment process.
It has a modifying influence on vegetative, circulatory, respiratory and endocrine systems. Music therapy is a method, which takes the advantage of therapeutic influence of music on psychological and somatic sphere of the human body. A study by Choi (2010) examined the effects of music and PMR on anxiety, fatigue, and improvement of quality of life (QoL) in family caregivers. It indicated that music therapy constituted an effective method for reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality. Hernández (2005) explored the effect of a music therapy procedure (music listening paired with progressive muscle relaxation ) on the reduction of anxiety and improvement of sleep patterns in abused women in shelters. It states that sleep disorders may result in fatigue, tiredness, depression and problems in daytime functioning. (2008) investigated the effects of music on sleep quality in young participants with poor sleep. It found the use of soothing music as an empirically based intervention for sleep in older people. A study (Lai et al., 2005) investigated the effects of soft music on sleep quality in older community in Taiwan. These include meditation, prayer, mental healing and therapies that use creative outlets, such as art, music or dance.įew studies have focused on the effects of music, as a non-pharmacological method of improving the quality of sleep in older adults. Mind–body interventions use a variety of techniques designed to increase the mind's capacity to affect bodily function and symptoms.
However, no previous study in my knowledge has proven effect of 432 Hz music on sleep pattern. Musicians describe it by words like correct and peaceful tone. Certain records mention use of 432 Hz music as very beneficial tone for inducing sleep. Music has been a part of meditation since ancient times. Music has been found to decrease sympathetic nervous system activity reduce anxiety, blood pressure (BP), heart and respiratory rate and has positive effects on sleep via muscle relaxation and distraction from thoughts. As sleep is affected by both physiological and psychological factors, many researchers tried to explore effect of mind–body intervention like music on sleep. Pharmacological treatment to overcome sleep disorders are used widely, but their use is limited by side effects and long-term intervention. It has been found from population-based studies that approximately 30% of the adult samples drawn from different countries report one or more of the symptoms of insomnia like difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, waking up too early or non-restorative or poor quality of sleep. In patients of cardiovascular disorders (CVDs), respiratory disorders and metabolic disorders, chronic sleep disorders are common. Sleep disorders may result in fatigue, tiredness, depression and problems in daytime functioning. However, many research studies show abnormal sleep patterns or sleep disorders among older subjects and sleep workers. Sleep is a normal and essential human behaviour.
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